Digitized Optical Non Invasive Estimation And Classification Scheme For Hemoglobin

Abstract

Hemoglobin a hemoprotein composed of globin and heme that gives red blood cells (RBC) their characteristics color. Its Primary function is to transport oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues and carrying carbon dioxide to lungs form tissues in various part of the body. Hemoglobin and hematocrit are the two components for blood count and used to find abnormalities in a patient s blood chemistry. newline newlineAnemia is a condition wherein the RBC lacks sufficient levels of iron and without the iron atoms the damaged hemoglobin cannot attract oxygen from lungs and complete body becomes dysfunction. Conventional definition for anemia by WHO is the presence of hemoglobin (Hb) concentration below 12 g/dl for females and below 13 g/dl for males. It is primary to measure the Blood Hb value regularly to diagnose anemia. newline newlineThere are different methods of evaluation of Hemoglobin in blood. Different methods used for evaluation give the results with varying accuracy and the values are generally not repeatable. The values obtained from different laboratories vary from each other. Of all the methods that are available for anemia detection, Cyanmethemoglobin method is considered to be the most reliable and accurate method. Nowadays the Complete Blood Count machine is used for the accurate measurement of Hemoglobin. But these methods require an experienced technician and also need to handle with dreaded chemicals like cyanide. newline newlinev newline newline newlineSo, we have a requirement to find a simple and pain free noninvasive method for estimation of Hb in blood. Recently many devices are developed to measure the Hb value noninvasively. Haemospect, pronto 7, Radical 7, NBM 200, are the some popular devices that are developed. newline newlineIn this thesis we proposed a method for the design and development of a non-invasive hemoglobin measurement device using the optical properties of blood. Three different Hb classification schemes are also suggested and discussed. newline newlineAt first a device has been designed for non-invasive measurement of hemoglobin. The readings taken by this machin