Urban Land Cover Change Detection Analysis Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques

Abstract

Human activity has changed land use and cover patterns over time. Agriculture, urbanisation, deforestation, and mining are all human activities that harm the environment. Remote sensing and GIS can be used to analyse alteration in land use land cover patterns over time and estimate their impact at all levels, from local to global. Tracking, analysing, knowing the drivers and projecting these trends can help decision-makers understand how human activity affects the environment and support sustainable land use. After splitting off from UP in 2000, the state of Uttarakhand, India has experienced the fastest population growth. This shift in population has coincided with an increase in the demand for urban real estate. For the sustainable development of land uses, it is crucial to have a firm grasp of the factors that cause and quantify urban land cover change. This study aims to employ remote sensing and GIS techniques to detect, identify, analyse, and predict shifts in land use land cover across different regions of Uttarakhand state. In order to detect and categorise the various land use and land cover of a remote sensing image, supervised maximum likelihood (MLC) and random forest (RF) classification algorithms are utilised. Changes are identified using a post-classification comparison technique, and projections for the future land use land cover pattern in the research area are made using a hybrid Markova cellular automata technique. This study aims to employ remote sensing and GIS techniques to monitor, categorise, evaluate, and forecast shifts in land use and land cover across different regions of Uttarakhand state. newlineIt has been identified that considerable built-up expansions, also known as the construction of urban sprawl in LULC, have taken place in an area that has changed by a percentage of 223.28 from the year 2000 to the year 2020 in Udham Singh Nagar district. The built-up expansions along NH 9 and NH 309 in the study area over the past 20 years have significantly increased the average LST by 1 degree Ce