Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of Pyrazole and Isoxazole Derivatives

Abstract

Pharmaceutical chemistry is a branch of chemistry which deals with drugs and involves designing, synthesis, characterization and development of new and existing drugs. Medicinal chemistry is the application of different chemical research techniques to the synthesis of pharmaceuticals. From centuries medicinal chemistry had emerged as a worthy field of science getting a facelift from the available natural compounds for the synthesis of newer and complex molecules having medicinal activity with the journey from the earth to a synthetic laboratory. The term Chalcone was coined by Kostanecki and Tambor (Kostanecki et al., 1921). Benzyl acetophenone or benzylidene acetophenone is another name of chalcone. Chalcones have two phenyl rings which are connected by an aliphatic alkyl chain of three carbons. Chalcones have been useful for the preparations of heterocyclic compounds having high therapeutic value. Chalcone acts as a very good lead for synthesis of variety of novel heterocyclic compounds with good pharmaceutical profile. Due to the presence of the chromophore -CO-CH=CH-, these are colored in nature and color depends on the presence of other auxochromes. Pyrazoles and Isoxazoles nucleus blocks have been used widely in pharma world. Their derivatives are widely used as they have different pharmacological properties like hypoglycemic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-HIV and anti-cancer activity. These are also used in the treatment of Schizophrenia, Hypertension and Alzheimer disease. Pyrazoles and isoxazoles are important five membered heterocyclic compounds and different procedures for their synthesis have been extensively studied. There is considerable research interest in studying the reactivity of Chalcone ditosylate and dibromochalcones to investigate their probability in organic synthesis. newline