Effect of manufactured sand as fine aggregate on the strength durability and structural properties of concrete

Abstract

Concrete is a widely used material in the world More than ten billion tonnes of concrete are consumed annually Conventional concrete is a versatile material and it is a mixture of cement sand aggregate and water Sand is the most widely used fine aggregate in the process of manufacturing concrete The river beds are the main sources for the natural sand These natural resources are getting depleted very fast due to over exploitation and contamination by chemicals and waste from nearby industries The natural sand is transported from its available places to the construction sites Transporting river sand to the construction sites increases its sale price significantly The primary use of sand is in the manufacture of concrete and concrete products The manufactured sand which is available in abandance in various quarries is one of the major alternative material that can be used instead of natural sand in concrete The manufactured sand is a byproduct of the crushing and screening process in the quarries