Design and analysis of model based PID controller for three phase flow in process industries

Abstract

Three phase flow that is oil water and gas flow occurs in many process industries like petroleum exploration and chemical industries For instance it occurs in both on shore and off shore hydrocarbon production and transporting the gas oil and water mixture during the exploration of crude oil under the earth deep boring is made for more than three are four kilometer under the earth At that time not only the crude oil is coming alone it is mixed with natural gas and water also So the pump in the oil rig has to pump and transport these three immiscible fluids together in pipe lines to the processes industries These three immiscible fluids forms three phase flow which is the newlinemain interest of the present research work To operate and control the oil Exploration rig and well in a controlled manner it is necessary to study and know about the different characteristics of this kind of three phase flow such as their pressure drop combined density combined viscosity various flow patterns flow regimes holdup and Gas lock problem Then only it is possible to construct very newlineeffective pipelines and pumping system to explore that complex quantity in bulk One more thing we have to consider is the sand which is also mixed with these three quantities and hence the oil rig has to cope with up four phases This type of flow is called as oil gas water sand four phase flow Since the sand is filtered by an effective filtration method in the oil rig nowadays so this work concentrated in three phase flow alone Though ample works were conducted on oil water two phase flows in the past 40 years there exist little work on three phase flow especially in this type of oil-water-gas type of three phase flow lot of uncertainties exist still In this proposed work a small experimental model consisting of tank helical coil control valve pipes is constructed with all necessary arrangements to measure the reading in the laboratory