Development of validated analytical and bioanalytical methods for newer drug formulations

Abstract

Most countries face high and increasing rates of cardiovascular disease (CVDs). Cardiovascular diseases are the number one cause of death globally. The variety and scope of cardiovascular drugs have increased immensely in the past few decades and new drugs are being approved annually. The term cardiovascular drug refers to any medication that affects the heart, blood vessels or the circulatory system. These drugs can be used alone or in combination with each other in the treatment of a variety of disease states such as hypertension, acute coronary syndromes, congestive heart failure (CHF), arrhythmias and dyslipidemias. This thesis deals with the development of precise and accurate validated analytical and bioanalytical methods for the determination of newer cardio vascular drug combinations from formulations and biological fluids. CVDs are caused by disorders of the heart and blood vessels and include coronary heart disease (heart attacks), cerebrovascular disease (stroke), raised blood pressure (hypertension), peripheral artery disease, rheumatic heart disease, congenital heart disease and heart failure. More people die annually from CVDs than from any other cause. An estimated 17.1 million people died from CVDs in 2004, representing 29 % of all global deaths. Among these deaths, an estimated 7.2 million were due to coronary heart disease and 5.7 million were due to stroke. Low- and middle-income countries are disproportionally affected: 82% of CVD deaths take place in low- and middle income countries and occur almost equally in men and women. By 2030, almost 23.6 million people will die from CVDs, mainly from heart disease and stroke. These are projected to remain the single leading cause of death. Higher CVD rates will also have an economic impact. As the number of medications that a patient requires increases, adherence and compliance to therapy are likely to decrease. Hence, to avoid these problems and to give better therapeutic effect, combination therapy has become more popular. newline