Synthesis characterization and luminescence studies of doped oxide and silicate nanophosphors for display device applications

Abstract

The development and advancement of societies have been intimately tied to the people s ability to produce and manipulate materials to fulfill their needs. In fact, early civilizations (Stone Age, Bronze Age and Iron Age) have been designated by the level of their materials development. Nanoscience and nanotechnology related to the synthesis, characterization, exploration, exploitation, and utilization of nano materials (NMs), are done in which nanomaterials are in 1 nm (10 9 m) range at least in one dimension. Such NMs constitute a bridge between single molecules and infinite bulk systems. Individual nanostructures involve clusters, nanoparticles, nanocrystals, quantum dots, nanowires, and nanotubes, while collections of nanostructures involve arrays and assemblies. The physical and chemical properties of NMs can significantly differ from those of the atomic-molecular or the bulk materials of the same chemical composition. The uniqueness of the structural characteristics, energetics, response, dynamics, and chemistry of nanostructures is novel and constitutes the experimental and conceptual background for the novel field of nanoscience. The underlying themes of nanoscience and nanotechnology are dual in nature such as firstly, the bottom-up approach of miniaturization of the components, as said by Richard Feynman in his frequently-cited 1959 lecture stating that there is plenty of room at the bottom ; secondly, the top-down approach of the self-assembly of molecular components, where each molecular or nanostructured component assemble itself into a superstructures. This approach was pioneered by Jean-Marie Lehn, revealing that there is plenty of room at the bottom . Nanotechnology research and development of commercial products can help people in innovative way to generate, store, transmit and even conserve energy.