Monitoring Of Gold Nanoparticles Biosynthesized With Filamentous Cyanobacteria For Biological Activities

Abstract

Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) are well-known for the ability to excrete extra-cellular products cyanochemicals (phycocompounds) of curio. Acquisitions of these cyanochemicals in the recent years have newly addressed several pharmaceutical aliments, and the understanding of the associated molecular interactions of phycochemicals have been considered, for plausible use in drug developments in future. Failure of current non-renewable source compounds in producing sustainable and non-toxic therapeutics led to the urgency of discovering products from natural sources. Furthermore, cyanobacteria have attracted considerable attention as nano-biofactories, due to cellular uptake of heavy metals from the environment and as a source of effective stabilizing agents. As a result, cyanobacterial synthesized NPs are considered potential targets for the possible novel chemical scaffolds, suitable for mainstream-drug development cascades. newlineHerein, the green synthesis of gold-nanoparticles (AuNPs) was undertaken with cyanobacteria. For the detailed work embodied in the thesis consists of the uses of aqueous extracts of four filamentous strains, Anabaena spheroids, Anabaena sp., Nostoc calcicola, and Plectonema terebrans for utilization of AuNP-biosyntheses. Furthermore, bioactive cyanochemicals from these three of four species were identified by GC-MS analysis. newlineFive clinically isolated pathogenic bacteria such as, multidrug resistant (MDR) strains of Gram (+) Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes; and Gram (-) Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus vulgaris of bacteria, isolated from clinical samples were maintained in axenic conditions. These bacteria were identified by molecular typing techniques. Klebsiella oxytoca was also used for antibacterial assessment of this study. For anticandidal activity two fungal strains, Candida tropicalis and Trichophyton rubrum were utilized. To assess radical scavenging activities, DPPH antioxidant assay was done. Additionally, the cell viability of two cancer cell lines,