Eco friendly methods for synthesis of biologically active heterocyclic compounds

Abstract

Most of the bioactive molecules are synthesized by time consuming conventional procedure of reaction. The use of toxic chemicals and catalyst harms the environment and human beings. An ecofriendly tools for synthesis of biologically active compounds energy efficient and environmentally benign processes are applied, such as microwave irradiation technology, ultrasound mediated synthesis, photo-catalysis (ultraviolet, visible and infrared irradiation), molecular sieving, grinding and milling techniques etc. These methods are considered sustainable technology and become valuable green protocol to synthesize biologically active heterocyclic compounds. Based on this concept biologically active heterocyclic compounds are synthesized under microwave irradiation technique to reduce the formation of byproduct that the product yield can be increased quantitatively in less reaction time. newlineResearch work had consisted of five chapters named Introduction, Literature review, Material and Methods, Experimental work and Evaluation of Antimicrobial activity of synthesized compounds. Chapter- newline newline1 comprises biologically active heterocyclic compounds. Now a days organic research is focused on the development of greener and ecofriendly processes where organic transformations have been carried out in aqueous media. Multicomponent reactions have been carried out with eco-friendly methods to provide new compounds. Greener techniques have been developed for synthesis of well-known compounds and completely new compounds by more suitable routes. In this process safer solvents are used with less amount of smart catalyst (natural products). To minimize the toxicity of nature, various step of chemical process, reaction conditions, catalyst, solvents and reagents, time process monitoring, can be applied. newlineEcofriendly methods for synthesis of heterocyclic compounds can be summerised as (a) physical and chemical methods and (b) biological methods. In physical methods of synthesis, hazardous solvents are not required which avoid pollution. Chemical