Development A Novel Synthesis Method of Metal Nanoparticles for Cancer Targeted Drug Delivery and Other Applications

Abstract

Cancer is a rapidly growing global disease, causing over 4.5 million deaths in 2022. Metastasis indicates the presence of cancer through the uncontrolled growth of cells. Malignant tumors invade nearby tissues and spread through the blood or lymphatic system. Factors contributing to malignant tissue development include genetic mutations, carcinogens, radiation, smoking, alcohol, poor diets, chronic infections, and inactivity. The most prevalent cancers are breast, lung, prostate, cervical, colon, and skin. Cervical cancer, the fourth most common in women, involves abnormal cell growth in the cervix. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the leading cause; however, early screening and vaccination can help prevent it. Additionally, water pollution, primarily from industrial waste discharged into rivers, poses a significant threat alongside the spread of disease. Toxic chemicals and biological waste deteriorate water quality, harming ecosystems and increasing the risk of infectious diseases, including cancer. Wastewater contains pathogenic microbes that can infect humans and animals newline