Advanced data assimilation in NWP models for operational mountain weather forecast over West and Central Himalaya

Abstract

The greatest river basins such as Indus and Ganges originated from the Himalayas and newlineits highest peak mountain ranges make abundant natural resources for many countries. It is newlinealso known as the Third Pole of the Earth for its huge ice cover and several glaciers which newlinebalance the ecosystems and population growth, agriculture, and economy. The Indian newlineHimalayas has the greatest rugged type structures and steep peaks which makes the newlineheterogeneity of climate and weather patterns. The complex interactions between orography newlineand synoptic weather systems produced strong extreme precipitation zones across Indian newlineHimalayan ranges. Detail understanding of extreme precipitation events is very important for newlinehydrology, agriculture, hydropower, Indian economic growth and the overall economy of the newlinecountry. newline