A Comparative Study of Pre and Post Menopausal Women in Association with Obesity

Abstract

newline Obesity is a critical public health issue globally, with women being particularly susceptible to weight gain due to hormonal fluctuations, especially during the transition from premenopausal to postmenopausal stages. This comparative study aims to explore the association between obesity and menopausal status among women in Bhopal City, with a focus on identifying the prevalence, contributing factors, and health implications in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. The study employed a cross-sectional design, involving a sample of 300 women aged between 40 to 60 years, divided equally into premenopausal and postmenopausal groups. Respondents were recruited from various urban areas in Bhopal City. Detailed anthropometric measurements, including Body Mass Index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio, were collected to assess obesity levels. In addition, data on lifestyle factors such as dietary habits, physical activity, socioeconomic status, and medical history were obtained through structured questionnaires. The results indicate a marked difference in obesity prevalence between premenopausal and postmenopausal women, with postmenopausal women showing significantly higher BMI and waist-to-hip ratios. This increase in obesity among postmenopausal women can be attributed to several factors, including hormonal changes, particularly the decline in estrogen levels, which is known to redistribute body fat towards the abdomen. Additionally, the study found that postmenopausal women generally had lower physical activity levels and a higher intake of calorie-dense foods, both of which contribute to weight gain. These findings underscore the need for early intervention strategies that focus on lifestyle modifications, such as promoting physical activity and healthy eating habits, to prevent obesity and its associated risks in this vulnerable population. Furthermore, the study suggests that healthcare providers in Bhopal should prioritize routine screening and counselling for women approaching menopause to manage weig