Biohythane Production And Conversion For Power Generation From Waste Biomass And Its Statistical Evaluation Using Machine Learning

Abstract

The present thesis focuses on the production and utilization of biohythane (mixture newlineof biohydrogen and biomethane) from waste biomass to mitigate the energy crises due to newlinethe depletion of fossil fuels. Anaerobic co-digestion of food waste, cow dung, and sludge newlinesolution was experimented in the presence of calcium peroxide (CaO2) as the catalyst to newlineproduce biohythane as a source of renewable energy. The substrate to inoculum ratios newline(v/v) of 1:1(S1), 1:2(S2), 1:3(S3), 1:4(S4) and 1:5(S5) were investigated in separate newlinefermentative and methanogenic reactors. The result from the fermentative reactors indicate newlinemaximum biohydrogen concentration of 26.34% with cumulative yield of 114.1 mL g-1 newlinetotal solid (TS) in S3 compared to the other samples. Methanogenic reaction shows the newlinehighest biomethane concentration of 54.13% in S3. The substrate to inoculum ratio of 1:3 newlinewas spotted to be optimal for effective biohythane production during the anaerobic codigestion newlineprocess. newlineFurther the work focused on the effect of CaO2 and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) newlineaddition in order to enhance biohythane generation. Results indicated an enhancement of newlinebiomethane concentration up to 10% by using NaOH compared to CaO2. The cumulative newlinebiomethane yield was increased by 12% compared to the earlier observation. It was newlineevident from the experiment that the production of biohydrogen was significantly newlineenhanced by adding CaO2 while biomethane generation was influenced by the addition of newlineNaOH during the co-digestion process. In the next phase of work, calcium peroxide newline(CaO2), calcium carbonate (CaCO3), zinc oxide (ZnO), and copper oxide (CuO) were used newlineas single additives, whereas CaO2+CaCO3, CaO2+CuO, CaO2+ZnO, CaCO3+ZnO, newlineCaCO3+CuO, and CuO+ZnO were used as multi-additives to further improve biohydrogen newlinefermentation. As a result, maximum biohydrogen concentration was enhanced up to newline33.85% with multi-additive (CaO2+CaCO3), whereas it was restricted to 26.34% using newlinesingle additives. Compared to the control reactor, maximum biohydrogen concentration newlinewas increas