Experimental investigation on low heat rejection engine using nanoparticle blended biodiesel

Abstract

Biodiesel is a promising alternative fuel for diesel engines that often newlinerequires no modifications for use. This study began by evaluating five different newlinebiodiesels: Sea Mango Methyl Ester (SMME), Borassus Flabellifer Methyl Ester newline(BFME), Prosopis Juliflora Methyl Ester (PJME), Used Cooking Oil Methyl newlineEster (UCME), and Albizia Amara Methyl Ester (AAME). The primary focus newlinewas on their thermal efficiency and emission reduction capabilities. Among newlinethese, BFME showed thermal efficiency similar to diesel and significant newlinereductions in CO and HC emissions, though it had higher NOx emissions. newline BFME was selected for further investigation due to its lower newlineviscosity, higher calorific value, and superior cetane number, confirming its newlinepotential as a diesel alternative. Various blends of BFME with diesel (20%, newline40%, 60%, 80%, 100%) were prepared and compared to pure diesel. newlinePerformance, combustion, and emissions were tested on a single-cylinder diesel newlineengine, and the B20 blend was identified as the optimal mix. newline To enhance engine efficiency, the piston bowl geometry was newlinemodified from the standard shape to shallow combustion bowl (SCB), newlinehemispherical combustion bowl (HCB), and toroidal combustion bowl (TCB). newlineThe combustion chamber was also coated with zirconium for thermal insulation, newlineand various design modifications were implemented. The toroidal combustion newlinebowl exhibited superior performance, reducing HC and CO emissions and newlineenhancing thermal efficiency, despite increased NOx emissions, making it the newlinepreferred chamber shape for the CI engine. newline