Philosophy of Plato ... from T.Z. Lavine book: with special reference to Humanism

Abstract

The present thesis entitled : quotPhilosophy of Plato ... From T.Z. Lavine Book (with special reference to Humanism)quot includes eight chapters. First chapter is an introduction to humanism, its roots, history,meanings and definitions ; other six chapters are about the humanism of six great philosophers : Plato, Descartes, Hume, Hegel, Marx and Sartre. And finally the last chapter is a conclusion. The thesis is centralized on the Humanist elements of above mentioned of philosophers thought ; humanism is the mother of western thought but it has been ignored and there is only a name of it in the history of philosophy. Plato in his magnificent philosophy maintains that, human intellect could attain the truth ; it means that the truth is within the reach of human reason. Descartes thought is the root of Modern philosophy which is founded on Humanism ; for this reason it is said that Descartes is the Father of Modern philosophy. The significance that Descartes granted to the power of human intellect is obvious in his famous proposition : and#8243;Cogito, ergo, sumand#8243; (I Think, Therefore I Am). Hume, explicitly was a great humanist. He rejected the existence newlineof Soul and God. Yet he believed in the power of human perception. He maintained that, human being has the capacity of knowing good and bad. Discussion about human being in Hegel s philosophy is a newlinediscussion about the soul of his philosophy ; namely the importance of newlinehuman being. Strong humanistic elements are seen in his philosophy. Even the nature conveys its main meaning only through the interference of human being. In Hegel s thought, mere truth does not convey the newlinemeaning without the existence of human being.