Study of Anticancer Activity of Aegle marmelos Wood Apple and Ocimum sanctum Tulsi against Benzo A Pyrene lnduced Lung Cancer in Rats

Abstract

newlineIn recent times, the lung cancer disease burden in the population has increased manyfold globally. Various types of carcinogens are responsible for causing this disease. Smoking and the intake of tobacco in any form is the major cause of the disease. However, in recent reports, environmental pollution has also added to the disease burden. Among those carcinogens- Benzo[A]pyrene is one of the known that is directly responsible for the cause. It is a member of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group and is usually generated during the partial burning of organic matter. Benzo(a)pyrene has been shown to inflict damage on the lungs as well as the liver. Thus, the present study has aimed to study the anticancer activity of Aegle marmelos fruit pulp extract and Ocimum sanctum leaf extract on Benzo[A] pyrene-induced lung cancer in rats. Charles Foster rats, 6 weeks old weighing around (150-180 g) were used for the study and were induced with Benzo[A]pyrene (25 mg/Kg dissolved in Olive oil) orally in two intervals (1st day and 14th day) and were left for 3 months. After 3 months, there was the development of lung tumours, which were confirmed Histopathologically. Thereafter, Aegle marmelos fruit pulp extract at the dose of 250mg/Kg body weight and Ocimum sanctum leaf extract at the dose of 200mg/Kg body weight was administered to the rats for 5 weeks. After the treatment was significant reduction in the lung tumour size was observed in the studied rats. All the parameters were studied and their data were analyzed. The hematological parameters, the biochemical parameters, and the histopathological parameters were also correlated for the efficacy of the drug. newlineThe fruit pulp extract of Aegle marmelos possesses an Anticancerous effect against Benzo[A] pyrene-induced lung cancer. The leaf extract of Ocimum sanctum also possesses an antiproliferative effect against Benzo[A] pyrene-induced lung cancer. Both drugs after various trials can be recommended as therapeutic drugs for lung cancer disease in the future.