Cross Layer Design Based Solutions For Performance Improvement in Mobile Ad hoc Networks

Abstract

Mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) has drawn widespread attention and has become newlineimmensely popular for its fast deployment, robustness and inherent support for mobility. newlineThe unpredictable design of the network, substantial variations in the topology, the newlineminimal battery power and in combination with hazardous signal propagation in MANET newlinepresents tough challenges. In addition, the lack of centralized control causes channel newlineaccess complicated since MAC (Medium Access Control) is content with hidden and newlineexposed terminal issues. The transmission power and range of carrier sensitivity can have newlinea substantial effect on the efficiency of IEEE 802.11. The greatest drawback of the layered newlinearchitecture is that it is static in challenging scenarios and demonstrates no flexibility. In newlinecontrast, a cross-layer architecture that provides comprehensive coordination among newlinephysical, MAC and network layers required to cope with low channel link quality, newlinealleviating exposed and hidden terminal issues, improving spatial reuse with power saving newlinerequirements. newlineThe first contribution of our research work began with resolving the broadcast newlinestorm problem, which is the leading cause of protocol performance deterioration due to newlinesevere interference, extreme collision, and channel contention. We therefore suggest a newlineNeighbourhood Coverage Knowledge Probabilistic Broadcasting (NCKPB) model newlineintegrating with AODV protocol with knowledge on 2-hop neighbourhood coverage; a newlineconnectivity function to control a node s forwarding probability of retransmission. The newlinenovel design of our algorithm achieved a better outcome by minimizing the redundancy newlineoverhead while ensuring fair retransmission bandwidth. The NS-2 results clearly revealed newlinethe efficacy of the proposed NCKPB model by illustrating its performance superiority newlineover all key metrics such as RREQ overhead, delay, throughput, reach ability, saved newlinerebroadcast and collision contrast to Fixed Probability (FP) and Flooding (FL) under three newlinemajor operating conditions such as density, mobility and traffic load. newline