Elephant swarm optimization in wireless sensor network to enhance network lifetime

Abstract

The robust and complex applications and dramatically increased sensor capabilities may play a vital role in enhancing the lifetime of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). On the other hand majority of WSNs operate on battery powered infrastructure, therefore in order to enhance the lifetime or for lifetime maximization a robust and highly efficient protocols are required to be developed that can effectively reduce the battery utilization and the overall computational as well as communication complexity could be minimized. Enhancing the lifespan of wireless sensor networks had baffled researchers for quite some time now. Optimizations need to be adopted at the Routing Layer,MACLayer and the Radio Layer of the wireless sensor node. Cross-layered approach can play a significant role in improving network characteristics like QoS, lifespan as well as throughput. The behavior of large elephant swarms motivates for incorporating their behavior into wireless sensor networks. The complex elephant swarm behavior is incorporated using a cross-layer approach.In this research work in order to achieve a cumulative enhanced network performance an approach of elephant swarm optimization has been implemented that enables optimization of routing algorithm, adaptive radio link optimization and balanced TDMA MAC scheduling. The developed cross-layer approach has been adopted so as to incorporate optimizations at the routing, radio and the MAC layers. A TDMA based MAC layer has been considered and the MAC scheduling program has been developed and has been optimized in accordance to the routing and the radio link layer optimization. This thesis introduces a cross-layer approach to incorporate the elephant swarm optimization technique which is compared with the popular PSO, LEACH protocol and the efficiency is proved in the experimental studies made for network lifespan, sensor node energy decay rate, throughput active node ratios and lower communication overhead etc.