Role of human papilloma virus in oral lichen planus and its association with p53 polymorphism

Abstract

Introduction newline1 newlineINTRODUCTION newlineOral mucosal disorders represent a wide spectrum of lesions with different newlineaetiology, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. Oral lesions can be classified into four newlinegroups comprising ulcerations, pigmentations, exophytic lesions, and red-white newlinelesions. The red-white lesions of the oral cavity vary from benign reactive lesions to newlinemore serious dysplastic and carcinomatous lesions. Oral potentially malignant newlinedisorders(OPMDs) are conditions with an increased risk of malignancy which precede newlinethe onset of invasive cancers of the oral cavity. OPMD encompasses both newlineprecancerous lesions and conditions of the oral cavity. newlineOral lichen planus (OLP) is an autoimmune chronic inflammatory disease of newlineunknown aetiology, characterized by the presence of white reticular lesions newlinesometimes accompanied by erosive and/or atrophic lesions. The prevalence of oral newlinelichen planus in the Indian population is 2.6% with a more female predilection. OLP newlinehas the potential for malignant transformation into oral squamous cell carcinoma newline(OSCC). The follow-up studies of OLP have shown a rate of malignant newlinetransformation in a range of 0% to 12.5% into OSCC, existing an influence of the newlinegeographical area, mainly related to sociocultural habits and genetic components of newlinethe population. newlineOral lichen planus can appear as white striations, white papules, white newlineplaques, erythema, erosions, and blisters affecting predominantly the buccal mucosa, newlinetongue and gingivae, although other sites are occasionally involved. The exact newlineaetiology of OLP remains uncertain. The aetiology of OLP has been studied newlineextensively for decades. Cumulative evidence suggests that cell-mediated immunity newlineplays a major role in the pathogenesis of OLP. The immunological process is believed newlineto be triggered by an antigen that alters the basal keratinocytes of the oral mucosa. newlineThe role of microorganisms has always been proposed, investigated and debated in newlineOPMDs.