Therapeutic Impact of Aerobic Exercise on Adolescents with Obesity and its Association with Expression of MicroRNAs and Cytokines A Clinical Approach

Abstract

The increasing prevalence of adolescent obesity is a critical global health newlineconcern due to its associated risks of cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance, and type newline2 diabetes. Aerobic exercise has emerged as a key non-pharmacological intervention for newlinemitigating obesity and its comorbidities. Recent advances in molecular biology newlinehighlight the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) and cytokines in regulating adiposity, newlineinflammation, and metabolic processes, positioning them as potential biomarkers and newlinemediators of exercise-induced benefits in obese adolescents. This study explores the newlinetherapeutic impact of aerobic exercise on adolescents with obesity, emphasizing its role newlinein modulating the expression of circulating miRNAs and cytokines. newlineAerobic exercise has been shown to improve cardiometabolic health by newlineenhancing insulin sensitivity, promoting fat oxidation, and reducing systemic newlineinflammation. Key miRNAs, such as miR-126, miR-103, miR-21, and miR-155, have newlinebeen identified as regulators of adipogenesis and glucose metabolism. Their expression newlinepatterns are altered in obese individuals, contributing to dysregulated metabolic newlinepathways. Studies indicate that regular aerobic exercise can normalize the expression of newlinethese miRNAs, thereby restoring metabolic homeostasis. For example, miR-126, which newlineis downregulated in obesity, is upregulated following exercise, contributing to newlineimproved endothelial function and glucose regulation newline