Design and fabrication of different nano formulation for in corporation of selected poorly soluble phytochemicals

Abstract

vii newlineABSTRACT newlinePhytochemicals are a rich source of medicines that are helpful in treating wide newlinerange of chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), newlineneurodegenerative diseases, and ocular inflammation/ocular distress conditions. Treating newlinethese classes of diseases still poses a major challenge globally. Not many drugs are newlineavailable for treating this class of diseases. Naringin (NAR), Sulforaphane (SFN), and newlinePhenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) are phytochemicals with promising anti-inflammatory newlineproperties. However, their clinical effectiveness gets hindered due to their non- newlinecomplying pharmacokinetic parameters, such as poor solubility and stability. To address newlinethese limitations, we used novel drug delivery systems to improve the pharmacokinetics newlineof poorly soluble phytochemicals which can treat these abovementioned disease newlineconditions effectively. newlineFor the current thesis, I have chosen to study different formulations of newlinephytochemicals (NAR, SFN and PEITC), either alone or as their combinations as newlinenanoformulations. The therapeutic efficacy of prepared nano-formulations was assessed newlinein suitable animal models. newlineThe objective of this thesis is, therefore, to prepare either combinations or single newlinenanoformulations. Study the preparations thoroughly in different in vivo models of acute newlineand chronic inflammation, such as Acute inflammation rat model (Carrageenan newline/Histamine/Egg-albumin), Sub-chronic rat model (Cotton-pellet induced granuloma) and newlineChronic inflammatory (FCA induced rat model); Neurodegenerative diseases (Catalepsy newlinerat model); and in rabbit eye model (Carrageenan inflammation and IOP studies). newlineThe results from ELISA, histopathology, and radiology studies of FCA induced newlinearthritic rat model showed that these pure phytochemicals via the oral route of newlineadministration exhibited better therapeutic efficacy at their higher doses. (NAR at dose newline20mg/kg, SFN at dose 5mg/kg, and PEITC at 5mg/kg , respectively.) newlineThe polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) of NAR (NAR-PLGA-NPs) were prepared b newline