Evaluation of Efficacy of MV Loop for Enmasse anterior retraction as compared to opus and snail loop using finite element method and clinical intervention

Abstract

Introduction: Orthodontic intervention is essential for rectifying malocclusions and space closure plays a pivotal role in this corrective process. This is done by both friction and frictionless mechanics. Frictionless mechanics (Loop mechanics) have added advantage over friction mechanics. Structurally loops are evaluated on parameters such as degree of bends, types, dimension, material of archwire and loop design. Clinically loops are evaluated based on parameters such as differential force, minimum patient cooperation, axial inclination control, optimum biologic response, operative convenience and arch width. Finite Element Method is used for evaluation of M:F ratio. In this investigation, we assess the biomechanical attributes and effectiveness of the newly developed Multiple Variability (MV) loop for en-masse anterior retraction, drawing a comparative analysis with the Opus loop. The research aims to provide valuable data regarding biomechanical properties of the MV loop and compare it with Opus and Snail loop. Objectives: To evaluate and compare the moment to force ratio of MV loop, Opus loop and Snail loop fabricated in 0.019×0.025 inch and 0.017×0.025 inch TMA and SS wire with 1 and 2 mm preactivation bends. To evaluate and compare the three-dimensional parameters of both the arch for anterior en-masse retraction using Opus loop, Snail loop and MV loop done in pre-adjusted edgewise appliance. Methodology: Three parallel arm clinical interventional study design was used for the study. Study was conducted in 2 phases. In first phase M:F ratio and Force decay rate was calculated on 24 models for all the three-loop design. In second phase, clinical intervention was done. Total of 45 patients, 15 in each group were selected. Results: Structurally and clinically MV loop showed highest dimension followed by Opus loop and Snail loop. Conclusion: MV loop proved to structurally superior in terms of M:F ratio achieved from FEM studies and Opus loop proved to superior in terms of FDR. Clinically MV loop proved to