In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Nanoencapsulated Antibiotics Against Multi Drug Resistant Bacteria

Abstract

iv newlineABSTRACT newlineIrresistible sicknesses are extremely unsafe to human wellbeing, while the newlinedisappointment of social insurance experts to end infections could incite scourges and newlinerapid spread of an infection midst majority of individuals. Control of drug-resistant newlinebacteria involved in severe infections acquired in hospitals mainly with patients in newlineICUs is extremely challenging, due to increased levels of antimicrobial resistance newlinepresented by this microorganism against most antimicrobial agents routinely used. The newlinemain aim of this study was to develop a non-traditional delivery system of antibiotics newlinefor treatment of multidrug resistant bacterial infection. Liposomes are spherical newlinevesicles consisting of one or more lipid bilayers surrounding aqueous spaces. Our newlinedesigned study aimed at knowing the importance of encapsulating antimicrobial drugs newlineinto multilamellar liposomes to overcome microbial resistance, when administered as newlinea liposomal formulation by localizing antibiotic to the periplasmic space, thus newlineallowing it to exert its bactericidal activity. To determine the prevalence of ESBLs in newlineEnteobacteriaceae (E. coli and K. pneumoniae), A. baumanii, and MRSA in a tertiary newlinecare hospital and to detect the in vitro antibacterial activity of liposome containing newlineantibiotics against these resistant bacteria, synthesized a drug delivery vehicle such as newlineliposomes and PEG coated liposomes, to incorporate antibiotics and to find its newlineantimicrobial activity against multi drug resistant bacteria. Different antibiotics (such newlineas Amikacin, Ciprofloxacin, Cloxacillin and Vancomycin) loaded with high efficiency newlineon to these MLVs were prepared by the simple thin film hydration method using egg newlineyolk. In vitro antimicrobial activities were determined in comparison to those of the newlinefree drug by means of zone of inhibition by agar well diffusion and they were newlinecompared with ATCC strains. Secondly, antimicrobial activity of PEG coated newlineliposomal antibiotics against clinical strains and ATCC strain was compared to that of newlinethe free drugs. Further, f