Genetic characterization and selection parameters for yield morphophysiological and quality traits in land races japonicas and new plant type rices

Abstract

newline To study the variability, associations among traits, selection indices and diversity among 57 rice genotypes comprising of 21 land races, 18 new plant types and 15 japonicas alongwith three checks China 988, RP 2421 and Naggar Dhan, the experiment was conducting during two consecutive years i.e. Kharif 2004 and 2005 at RWRC, Malan and experimental farm of the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, CSK HPKV, Palampur. The experiment was laid out in compact family block design with three families (land races, new plant types and japonicas) and three replications. Analysis of variance revealed significant variation for all the characters studied during the years and combined over years at both locations within and among families. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for harvest index at Palampur in land races; for total tillers per plant, effective tillers per plant, spikelets per panicle and grains per panicle at Malan in new plant types; and for spikelets per panicle and grains per panicle at both the locations in japonicas. Heritability estimates were also high for most of the quality traits. At phenotypic level, grain yield per plant exhibited positive and significant associations with total tillers per plant, effective tillers per plant, biological yield per plant and harvest index in land races; with plant height, biological yield per plant and harvest index in new plant types; and with spikelets per panicle, grains per panicle, biological yield per plant and harvest index in japonicas at both the locations. Genotypic correlation coefficients were higher than the phenotypic ones. Selection indices revealed that the combinations of four characters viz., panicle length, effective tillers per plant, spikelet fertility and biological yield per plant in land races; grains per panicle and 1000-grain weight in new plant types; and panicle length and spikelets per panicle in japonicas were more efficient than direct selection for yield. D2- statistics grouped 57 genotypes in