Technoeconomic assessment and carbon emission analysis of biodiesel production using synthesized biochar catalyst from residual biomass

Abstract

The demand for biofuels as a sustainable and eco-friendly newlinealternative to fossil fuels has intensified in response to escalating concerns newlineover global warming, climate change and environmental degradation. In newlineIndia, the rising energy demand, projected to increase at an annual rate of newline6.5% has increased the reliance on imported crude oil, leading to significant newlineeconomic and environmental challenges. To mitigate these issues, there is an newlineurgent need to explore renewable energy resources for biofuel production, newlinewhich aligns with India s National Biofuel Policy targets. Among various newlinebiofuels, biodiesel emerges as a viable solution due to its biodegradability, newlinelower greenhouse gas emissions and compatibility with existing diesel newlineengines. The present research work was focused on the production of newlinebiodiesel from Mimusops elengi seed oil, Ulva intestinalis macroalgal oil and newlinemixed oil using biochar catalysts synthesized from coconut husk and de newlinelipidized macroalgal biomass. The reaction parameters were optimized for newlinehighest biodiesel yield. using the optimized data, the industrial scale biodiesel newlineproduction was simulated and its economic factors were studied. Also, the newlinecarbon emission from the biodiesel production was also evaluated. newline