Implementation of Multi Frequency Antenna with Broadband Designs for Wireless Applications

Abstract

Wireless systems have highly revolutionized and replaced the wired communication systems in consumer as well as industrial applications. Advanced multifunctional wireless devices have evolved which are capable of supporting multiple systems, services and standards in a single device. For example, smart phones provide a number of applications to the user simultaneously such as audio, video, data transfer, radio, TV, NFC feature and access to different networks such as Bluetooth, GPS, WiFi, WLAN and GSM. The usefulness of wireless device depends on the effectiveness of the antenna used for the transmission and reception of information over the wireless media, as it ensures coverage, capacity and quality to the system. The performance characteristics of any communication system for a particular application are profoundly influenced by the type of antenna used. Its design and placement in the communication system also affect the application of the system. Different forms of antennas are employed in different systems. Some systems require directional antennas for transmitting information in a particular direction such as radars, whereas in some other systems, the omnidirectional antennas are used to broadcast the information equally in all directions as in WLAN access points. In some systems antennas for point-to-point communication are required. Thus antennas play an important role in formulating the characteristics of any communication system. Next Generation wireless system devices needs high data rate for multimedia applications like VoIP, Video Conferencing, VBR (Variable Bit Rate) etc. These high data rate applications require large bandwidth. So the antenna used should have good characteristics over wide range of frequencies. Thus the antennas should be designed in such a manner that these are able to sustain multi-functionality feature and multibanding in homogeneous as well as heterogeneous bands with enhanced bandwidth at each band, in a single compact antenna systems.