Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Mixture of Animal Waste Fat Oil Used Cooking Oil and their Effects on CI Engine Parameters

Abstract

In this research work, low cost sources such as animal waste fat oil, used newlinecooking oil and mixture of animal waste fat oil and used cooking oil have been used newlinefor production of biodiesel. newlineIn the first part of the research work, central composite design (CCD) and newlinedesirability approach of response surface methodology (RSM) have been used for newlineoptimization of biodiesel yield produced from animal waste fat oil (AFO), used newlinecooking oil (UCO) and mixture of animal waste fat oil and used cooking oil (AWO) newlinein the ratio of 1:1 through alkaline transesterification process. In this work, methanol newlinequantity, reaction time and sodium hydroxide concentration are selected as input newlineparameters and yield selected as response. The combined effect of methanol quantity, newlinereaction time and sodium hydroxide concentration were investigated and optimized newlineby using RSM. The second order model is generated to predict yield as a function of newlinemethanol quantity, reaction time and sodium hydroxide concentration. newlineA statistical model predicted the maximum yield of 97.9948%, 95.0056% and newline96.9779% were obtained for AFO, UCO and AWO respectively at 35ml methanol newlinequantity (% v/v of oil), 75 min. reaction time and 0.6g (% wt. /v of oil) of sodium newlinehydroxide. Experimentally, the maximum yield of 98%, 95% and 97% were obtained newlinefor AFO, UCO and AWO respectively at the above optimized input parameters. The newlinevariation of 0.005%, -0.006% and 0.023% for AFO, UCO and AWO respectively newlinewere observed between experimental and predicted values. newlineIn this work, an attempt has also made to use desirability approach of RSM to newlineoptimize the input parameters to predict maximum yield. From this approach, it is newlineclear that maximum desirability of 1.000 and maximum yield (98.051%) was found newlinefor AFO at CH3OH (35.002% vol. /vol. of oil), NaOH (0.630 % wt. /vol. of oil) and newlinereaction time (66.952min.). Maximum desirability of 1.000 and maximum yield newline(95.350%) was found for UCO at CH3OH (38.987% vol. /vol. of oil), NaOH (0.645 newline% wt./vol. of oil) and reaction time (