Voltage and frequency regulation of seig based micro hydro power plant using generalized impedance controller

Abstract

In the recent days, the distributed generations such as wind, solar and micro-hydro power plant are preferred as compared to conventional source of power generation considering the disadvantages the later. Some of the conventional power generations are Thermal power plant, nuclear power plant and Hydro power plant. Each of the conventional power generation system have some shortcomings. The conventional Hydro power plant have low running cost and emit zero pollution. But it also has some shortcomings, to be mentioned; high initial cost for setting up the plant and depletion in the natural eco-system balance during the construction. For hydro power plant, there is no fossil fuel required as it harness energy from potential energy of water at high head. So, to overcome all the limitations of conventional source of power generation mentioned above, nowadays we are shifting towards distributed generation based on renewable energy sources viz wind power plant, solar power plant, micro hydro power plant and their hybrid systems. Considering for a hilly region where the small water streams in the hills are available in surplus, we can opt for micro -hydro power plant (MHPP). For a hydro power plant, whether it may be large, small, or micro; synchronous generator is a good option for the electrical power generation. But for a power plant of less than 100kW, opting a synchronous generator will not be a good idea as it might increase the cost of the total system. newlineConsidering economically and simplicity, induction machines are preferred for small or micro hydro power plant with lower rating. For an induction generation, excitation system is required from a supply system. Distributed generation is normally an isolated system not connected to grid system for which we may not be getting supply for the excitation. So, an excitation system is required for such plant. That is the reason, we go for Self-Excited Induction Generator (SEIG) for Micro-Hydro Power Plant. newlineSEIG is an induction generator.