Spectral efficiency improvement and its trade off analysis in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing index modulation systems

Abstract

Ancient mural paintings are one of the different categories of paintings painted on temple walls, roofs, and caves. These paintings not only depict the cultural, social, and traditional practices of ancient times but also offer the younger generation an unprecedented opportunity to learn about past events, surpassing the mere act of reading history. They bring art into the public sphere by creating virtual screens of the past. These murals can be used as an effective tool for exchanging ideas in the long run (the latest costume designs and jewellery were copied from ancient mural paintings). However, these mural paintings are subjected to degradation either by various natural causes or by human mistakes without knowing their value, and the rate of deterioration is higher than ever nowadays. The manual reconstruction of murals has been happening for the past two decades and is still going on. However, this is a time-consuming task, and the availability of skilled artisans decreased due to modernization while the demand for reconstruction rose. In addition, the captions associated with those paintings were also lost, and the inclusion of the captions related to each mural led the visitors to quickly understand what the painting meant. At this juncture, the digital reconstruction and preservation of mural paintings with textual captions are essential. The reconstruction of which may add original glory to the visitors of the temples and other heritage sites. newline