Monitoring the Impacts of Urbanization and Industrialization on local Environment using Geospatial Technology A Case Study of Bhilwara Urban Area and Its Environs

Abstract

One of the key drivers of climate change throughout the world is the increase in newlineurban population mostly migration fast industrialisation and deforestation The newlinemost pressing issue in metropolitan areas today is rising surface temperatures as a newlineresult of major changes to the natural surface such as the removal of natural newlinevegetation and the replacement with non evaporating non transpiring surfaces newlinesuch as stone, metal and concrete among others This refers to the considerable newlinetemperature differential between urban and rural areas Urbanization the building newlineof built up areas and industry along with a loss in plant cover all contribute to newlinerising surface temperatures The heating of metropolitan areas with large densities newlineof people causes difficulty for the people who live there By adding air newlineconditioners cooling fans, and other associated aids it leads to greater energy newlineusage As a result urban heating is becoming a significant problem, and the newlinecauses of the temperature increase must be investigated To examine these newlinedifficulties and identify solutions to mitigate the problem through better urban newlineplanning techniques some substantial efforts are necessary 29 newlineMany researchers have looked at the relative warmth of cities by utilising landbased observation stations to measure air temperature Temperature sensors newlineplaced on cars were utilised in certain experiments to take temperature readings newlinealong various routes Yamashita 1996 This approach can be costly and timeconsuming, and it can cause issues with spatial interpolation Remote sensing newlinemight be a superior alternative to the methods mentioned above The availability newlineof high resolution, continuous and repeated coverage, and the capacity to monitor newlinexix newlineearth surface conditions are all advantages of employing remotely sensed data newlineOwen et al 1998 Remote sensing on the other hand can only measure surface newlinetemperature and not air temperature Thermal infrared TIR sensors can be used newlinein remote sensing to get quantitative information on surface temperature across a newlinevariety of land use