Efficacy Of Lactobacillus Sps As Probiotics on Peri Implantitis Microflora An In Vitro Study

Abstract

Peri-implantitis is an inflammation of the tissues and also destruction of the alveolar bone with loss of attachment. Evidence suggests that patients who are not under regular maintenance therapy allow plaque build-up around implant leading to peri-implant diseases. Probiotics are often used in the medical field to restore the healthy microflora. Since many years probiotics are used to improve oral health. The most commonly tested probiotics are from the Lactobacillus, Streptococcus and Bifidobacterium genera. Only recently the use of probiotics is used in treatment of peri-implant diseases. As probiotics tend to act against the periodontal pathogens, scope remains that it will be beneficial even against the peri-implant microflora. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) scores help to identify the lowest concentrations of the drug that can be used to inhibit the pathogenic organism. Currently there are no gold standard guidelines for the treatment of peri-implantitis. Thus, the present study intends to evaluate the effect of probiotics on peri-implantitis microflora. In vitro experimental study was conducted to assess the effect of probiotics on the periimplantitis microorganisms. Based on the results obtained through pilot study, sample size was calculated for the main study. Patients (N=100) were selected for the study based on the selection criteria. The study was carried out at the department of periodontology and implantology at M. A. Rangoonwala dental college, Pune. Informed consent was obtained before the commencement of study. Subgingival plaque samples were taken from the deepest pocket site showing periimplantitis. The samples were tested for the presence of pathogens namely Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Staphylococcus aureus, Tannerella forsythia and Streptococcus salivarius. All the identified peri-implantitis pathogens were then subjected to the effect of three probiotics namely Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus aci