Synthesis And Characterization Of Al3Plus Ce3Plus Eu3Plus And Dy3Plus Ions Doped Srtio3 Perovskite For Photocatalysis Photoluminescence And Uv Sensing Applications

Abstract

The increasing environmental pollution, particularly water contamination caused by newlineorganic dyes and industrial effluents, necessitates the development of efficient and newlinesustainable remediation technologies. Among various approaches, photocatalysis has newlineemerged as a promising solution for environmental purification. Strontium titanate newline(SrTiOand#8323;), a perovskite-type semiconductor with a wide bandgap, exhibits significant newlinephotocatalytic potential. However, its efficiency is limited by high electron-hole newlinerecombination and restricted visible light absorption. To overcome these limitations, newlinerare-earth element doping is explored as an effective strategy to enhance SrTiOand#8323; s newlinephotocatalytic activity, photoluminescence properties, and optoelectronic newlineapplications. newlineThis research investigates the synthesis, characterization, and applications of SrTiOand#8323; newlinedoped with different rare-earth elements, including aluminum (Al³and#8314;), cerium (Ce³and#8314;), newlineeuropium (Eu³and#8314;), and dysprosium (Dy³and#8314;). The doped materials were synthesized using newlinesolid-state and sol-gel methods, ensuring precise control over composition and newlinestructural integrity. Various characterization techniques, such as X-ray diffraction newline(XRD), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS), Fourier-transform newlineinfrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDAX), newlinetransmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy newline(XPS), were employed to analyze the structural, optical, and morphological properties newlineof the synthesized materials. The electronic and charge transport properties were newlineevaluated through current-voltage (I-V) measurements, impedance spectroscopy, and newlinelinear sweep voltammetry (LSV). newlinePhotocatalytic degradation studies of methylene blue (MB) dye under UV light newlinedemonstrated significant improvements in efficiency with doping. Pure SrTiOand#8323; newlineachieved an 83% degradation efficiency. Among the doped samples, Al³and#8314;-doped newlineSrTiOand#8323; (0.5 mol%) exhibited the highest degradation efficiency of over 95%, newlineindicating its role in enhancing surface reactivity and c