Designing and Characterization of Insulin like Growth Factor 1 IGF 1 Loaded Polymer Nanoparticles and evaluating its effects on controlling oral biofilm formation and enhancing osteogenesis an in vitro study

Abstract

Crestal bone loss around osseointegrated implants is influenced by microbial contamination We aimed to design and synthesize insulin like growth factor 1 GF 1 loaded poly lactic co glycolic acid nanoparticles NPs with different charged potentials for in vitro evaluation of their antibacterial and osteogenic properties Three differently charged IGF 1 NPs namely anionic cationic and neutral were prepared using solvent evaporation method The NPs were characterized for size using Dynamic Light Scattering and Scanning Electron Microscopy The release profile of all three NPs was studied NPs antibacterial efficacy was tested against peri implant pathogens from ATCC Its Osteogenic potential was evaluated using MG 63 and U 937 cell lines Statistical analysis included regression and ANOVA The sizes of NPs ranged from 74 point 7 to 151point 7 nm with zeta potentials of minus15 POINT 6 plusorminus 0 point 24 anionic 29 point 8 plusorminus1point 4 cationic and 0 point 02 plusorminus 0 point 03 neutral Encapsulation efficiencies were 75 percentage anionic 71percentage cationic and 66percentage neutral with a 64percentage to 67percentage cumulative release over 21 days Charged NPs showed higher antibacterial activity 1 mg per mL than neutral NPs Osteogenic potential was observed for all NPs highest for neutral followed by cationic NPs Altering NPs charged potential enabled a dual therapy effect with antimicrobial and osteogenic properties All NPs demonstrated good osteogenic potential On comparison to neutral NPs both the charged NPs showed better antibacterial activity Among the charged NPs cationic particles showed better efficacy against both primary and secondary colonizers even at low concentrations The IGF 1 NPs hold promise for addressing crestal bone loss and microbial contamination in implant related therapies newline