A Study of Hematological Profile Reproductive Hormone Profile and Iron Overload in Tribal Females with Sickle Cell Anemia and Sickle Cell Trait

Abstract

Hemoglobinopathies has always been a subject of curiosity for researchers, although it is a natural selection for survival (e.g. Human adaptation) against endemicity to malaria. Hemoglobinopathy has become a global health issue affecting millions of people. According to World Health Organization (WHO), 5.2% of the world s population carries a significant hemoglobin (Hb) variant. Around 1.1% couples worldwide are at risk of having children with hemoglobin disorders furthermore, 2.7 per 1000 conceptions are affected. The affected birth prevalence is 2.5 per 1000. Hemoglobin disorders worldwide contribute the equivalent of 3.4% of mortality in children aged less than 5 years. newlineWith an autosomal recessive heredity, sickle cell disease, or SCD, is one of the most prevalent monogenic illnesses in the world. In 1910, a medical student from Grenada had the distinctive sickle-shaped red cells that were later characterized by physician James Herrick. In 1949, Linus Pauling and associates were the first to characterize sickle hemoglobin (HbS) as a molecular illness by demonstrating that it had a changed electrophoretic mobility. Vernon Ingram found a few years later, in 1958, that sickle hemoglobin was caused by a single alteration of one amino acid in the hemoglobin molecule. newline newline