Remediation Studies Of Water Pollution By Modified Biochar Using Adsorption

Abstract

Extremely harmful species of chromium Cr(VI), and an organic dye methylene blue (MB) can contaminate water, posing a serious environmental risk to human life and leading to severe health issues. This thesis proposes the synthesis of novel polymeric biochar- based materials and novel metal oxide-based biochar and their application for the remediation of Cr(VI) and MB respectively by the adsorptive method. Because of their unique qualities such as enhanced reactivity, multifunctionality, biocompatibility, increased charge density, and high dispersibility polymeric and metal oxide-based biochar materials have a strong attraction for Cr(VI) and MB species. Instrumental techniques like SEM, FESEM, EDX, XRD, TEM, VSM, Raman, FTIR, Zeta potential, BET, and TGA study are applied to confirm the synthesis of desired materials. Firstly, the date seed biochar is modified by incorporating polyaniline for the removal of Cr(VI). The experimental data are well fitted to pseudo-second-order kinetics, Langmuir adsorption isotherm as compared to other isotherms (KL = 0.57 L/mg, R2 = 0.99, qm= 27.3 mg/g. PANIDSC can bring the amount of Cr(VI) in water down to a safe level in 80 minutes with a removal effectiveness of 92.3%. Secondly, the PPYKSC was prepared by oxidative polymerization, taking pyrrole and KSC (kendu seed char) in 1:1 V/W. The Cr(VI) adsorption obeys pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm model (with KL = 5.81 L/mg, R2 = 0.997, and qm= 81.967 mg/g) with 98.8% removal efficiency. Thirdly a magnetic bioadsorbent Fe3O4CBC modified from citrus bergamia peel-derived biochar (CBC) has been utilized for MB removal. For 10 mg/L of MB dye solution, the dye removal was found to be 98.5% in 70 minutes at ambient temperature and neutral pH. The Langmuir isotherm (with KL = 5.506 L/mg, R2 adsorption.