Analysis of energy efficient techniques for wireless sensor networks

Abstract

The applications of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have grown tremendously in recent years and are anticipated to be pervasive in the fields of the Internet of Things. These networks consist of several nodes that measure readings representing environmental factors and communicate them to the base station (BS) for subsequent processing. The base station is a network element that is furnished with high power computational resources when compared to other nodes of the network. It performs global operations as it gathers data from the entire network. The nodes of a Wireless Sensor Network possess batteries and the newlinereplacement of these batteries is a difficult task. As a result, there is a need for energy-based techniques to optimize power usage while maintaining network connectivity. Preserving energy is one of the vital tasks in Wireless Sensor Networks and it is a prime factor that affects the life of a network. Hence, in comparison to the traditional networks, the WSNs need to perform functions that give high throughput and further concentrate on energy utilization to enhance network lifespan. Improving network lifetime requires functions based on energy parameters and uniform distribution of energy among sensor nodes. The major emphasis of popular techniques is upon the best construction of sensor groups, the election of suitable heads and fair distribution of energy management among sensor nodes. Few clustering policies have ascertained solutions for reducing the speedy loss of Head Nodes of the network. newline newline