To Study Certain Biochemical Parameters and Related Gene Polymorphisms that Influence Unexplained Infertility

Abstract

Idiopathic infertility is a significant group among infertile women. This study has strived to look into certain parameters that could be causative to this condition. The various markers related to follicular development and the environment in which the follicles grow, have been measured in one single cohort of unexplained infertile women and have compared it with the fertile pregnant women (control group). Serum AMH levels, mutation on the AMH gene and AMHRII gene polymorphism were studied. Serum AMH levels were found to be higher in unexplained infertile group compared to the control with p=001. AMH and its receptor polymorphism by High resolution melting analysis showed similar melting temperatures when compared with other studies. Antioxidant status is a modifiable risk factor that may have an impact on female fertility. Many different study results concluded that adequate levels of antioxidants vitamin E and vitamin D are important for oocyte quality, maturation, fertilization, implantation and play vital role to reduce oxidative stress in fertility. Serum levels of oxidative stress markers have an association with follicular fluid levels, the environment in which the follicles mature. This study clearly shows high levels of Malondialdehyde an oxidative stress marker and lower levels of the antioxidant enzymes, in the women of unexplained infertile group compared to the fertile group. Vitamin E a wellknown antioxidant and fertility associated vitamin was also analyzed using HPLC. Its levels were significantly low in the unexplained infertile group than the controls. It was interesting to note that the vitamin D responsive element was reported to be present in the AMH gene promotor region and that vitamin D upregulated AMH levels. On measuring vitamin D in the serum of both the groups it was found to be higher in the study group. This explains overall higher levels of AMH in the study group. It emphasizes the necessity of evaluating the antioxidant status of the infertile couple.