Genetic analysis for yield and its related characters in greengram vigna radiata l wilczek

Abstract

The present study, titled quotGenetic Analysis for Yield and its Related Characters in Greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek],quot aimed to evaluate genetic parameters, gene action (gca and sca), heterosis, correlation, path analysis, and genetic divergence for eleven yield related traits in greengram. The investigation involved 45 F1 crosses developed using a 10 × 10 half-diallel mating design with ten diverse genotypes. The experimental material was evaluated in a randomized block design with three replications at the Crop Research Centre, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut. Observations were recorded for twelve key yield-related traits like, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, number of primary branches per plant, pod length, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, protein content, 100-seed weight, harvest index, and seed yield per plant. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed highly significant differences among the genotypes for all traits, indicating a broad range of genetic variation. General combining ability (gca) variance was highly significant for traits such as days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, number of pods per plant, plant height, and protein content. This suggested the importance of additive gene action for these traits. Specific combining ability (sca) variance was also significant for most of the characters, indicating the role of non-additive gene action in trait expression. For all traits except protein content, gca variance was greater than sca variance, confirming the dominance of additive gene effects in the inheritance of most traits. Three parental genotypes MH-521, WHM-16, and SMM 15-72 exhibited significant and positive general combining ability effects for seed yield per plant, making them valuable sources of desirable alleles for future breeding efforts. Among the specific crosses, PM-4 × WHM-16, WHM-16 × IPM-0219, SMM 15-72 × MH-521, and PM3 × PUSA-9531 displayed significant and positive specific combining ability