Investigation of graphitic carbon nitride based binary ternary nanoparticles for energy and environmental applications

Abstract

This study investigates the fabrication of binary and ternary nanocomposites, specifically those utilizing graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), to address significant global energy and environmental challenges. Inadequate sanitation facilities, limited access to clean water, and the pervasive presence of industrial pollutants, such as chemicals and textile dyes, render water contamination in India a significant issue. The primary objective of the conducted work was to improve the photoactivity of nanomaterials based on graphitic carbon nitride. Different approaches were employed to improve the photoactivity potential of the synthesized photocatalyst, including the doping of g-C3N4 with Se nanoparticles, the creation of a heterojunction between g-C3N4 and W2O6, and the co-doping of g-C3N4 with bimetallic components such as Gd2O3. The investigation revealed that the strategies employed for modifying g-C3N4 resulted in the formation of provisional trapping sites for photogenerated electrons and holes. This study reviews the literature on advancements in materials for electrochemical energy storage devices and examines the limitations of conventional wastewater treatment methods, with a specific focus on supercapacitors. Composites containing polypyrrole (ppy), selenium (Se), tungsten trioxide (Wand#8322;Oand#8326;), and gadolinium oxide (Gdand#8322;Oand#8323;) are presented, along with their synthesis and comprehensive assessment as photocatalytic and electrochemical materials. The synthesized composites, particularly g-C3N4/Seatppy and Gdand#8322;O3/g-C3N4atppy, demonstrate the ability to degrade pollutants such as methylene blue and methylene orange dye under visible light and exhibit extended electrochemical properties suitable for supercapacitor applications, as indicated by the primary findings. Scientists examined the electrochemical, structural, and spectral characteristics of these materials to evaluate their energy storage capabilities and environmental remediation effectiveness. newlineThe study concludes by examining recent advancements in photocatalytic