Evaluation of Pesticide Mixtures for their Genotoxicity and Cytotoxicity Using in VITRO and in VIVO Test Systems

Abstract

The core objective of the thesis is to estimate the genetic toxicity possibilities of two commercial mixture of pesticides, Triazophos 35% EC + Deltamethrin 1% (D+T) and Cypermethrin 4% EC + Profenofos 40% EC (P+C), using in vitro and in vivo test systems. It is aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic and mutagenic potential of the above mentioned two pesticides mixtures by Ames Salmonella typhimurium - Reverse mutation assay followed by examine the clastogenic and a eugenic potential of the two pesticide mixtures in CHO cell lines by measuring micronuclei frequencies and chromosomal aberrations. Determine acute toxicity, and ecogenotoxicity of the two pesticides mixtures in the earthworm, and Fish by Comet assay. The thesis is divided into three chapters as follows. newlineThe first objective of current research dealt with the cytotoxic and mutagenic potential of the above mentioned two pesticides mixtures by Ames Salmonella typhimurium - Reverse mutation assay. Salmonella typhimurium strains coded as TA98, TA100, TA102, TA1535 and TA1537 were used in the present study. Seven concentrations (78, 156, 313, 625, 1250, 2500 and 5000 and#956;g/plate) of pesticide mixtures were selected for range finding study using strains TA98 and TA100. newlineThe main investigation was conducted using the pre-incubation approach to determine the mutagenicity of a mixture of pesticides, employing all tester strains based on the cytotoxicity results. newline newlineThe data obtained for each strain was analysed with negative and positive control batch data. When all strains were compared to negative control data, no noticeable change in the number of revertant cells was observed at any of the concentrations tested with and without the S9 system. newlineThe second target of the current research is to identify the consequences of pesticide mixtures in the induction of Micronuclei (MN) and Chromosomal Aberrations (CA) in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines.