Design and Analysis of Planar Antennas for Indoor and Outdoor Wireless Applications

Abstract

The modern wireless communication systems has undergone several newlineevolutions to attain the currently available features. The emerging high data rate newlinewireless applications needs an antenna with small size, less interference, low cost newlineand least complexity. The various working environments such as indoor and newlineoutdoor environments requires an antenna with unique characteristics. An antenna to newlinework in an outdoor environment must possesses the good propagation characteristics newlineand less power consumption and the indoor antennas must have high data rate, good newlinepenetration capabilities and non-interference with the co-existing devices. This newlinedissertation is majorly in to four parts. The first part of the dissertation discusses the newlinenarrow band antenna operates at 2.45 GHz for outdoor wireless applications. The newlineproposed unit element produces maximum resonance at 2.45 GHz with the operating newlinebandwidth of 150 MHz. The proposed structure has been constructed on FR4 newlinesubstrate of height of 1.6 mm with the dimension of 15 x 24 mm2. The equivalent newlineelectrical dimension is 0.12 and#955;o x 0.19 and#955;o. A quad-element MIMO structure has been newlineconstructed using the designed unit cell. The physical dimension of the MIMO array newlineis 39 x 39 mm2 and electrical equivalent is 0.31 and#955;o x 0.31 and#955;o. The mutual coupling newlinebetween the adjacent elements are lt -18 dB. The gain and radiation efficiency of the newlineantenna is 1.63 dBi and 83.8% respectively. The measured Envelope Correlation newlineCoefficient (ECC) of the proposed antenna is lt 0.05, Total Active Reflection newlineCoefficient (TARC) is less than -30 dB and Channel Capacity Loss (CCL) is below newline0.25 bits/Sec/Hz newline