Ethnicity and shaping of modern Industrial worker: The case of two Organisations in mumbai

Abstract

Throughout the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries in Britain the system of production underwent radical transformation The factory system enhanced the control of employer over the worker The division of labour further forged the link between newlineefficiency and control However for most part of the nineteenth century the means of newlineproduction did not progress much beyond the basic controls of the factory Academics newlinebureaucrats and factory managers did not remain aloof to these happenings Taylor newlinedeveloped the science of work popularly called the time and motion study This laid the newlinebasis of modern management as a rational system of administering the work newlineRecent scholars of industrial thought like Moore 1965 and Kerr et aI 1960 newlineobserved that successful industrialism required loosening of family ties achievement newlinerather than ascription as a means of progress commitment to an urban way of life small newlinefamily norm state as a provider of social security emphasis on competition between newlineinterest groups rather than class conflict importance of education and training recruiting newlineand promoting on basis of universalistic criteria rather than on basis of ethnic affiliations newlineand so on The Western process of industrialisation and emergence of modern industrial newlineworker influenced such a thought However further studies on industrialisation and its newlineimpact on industrial workers particularly in the context of developing countries newlineexploded the myth of an unilateral model of industrialisation Such societies presented a newlineblend of industrial and traditional values which did not necessarily hinder the process of newlineindustrialisation newlineExperience of industrialisation in India presents an intermix of promoting and newlineretarding factors Since Independence the government of India wanted to promote the newlinespirit of industrialism for transforming a predominantly rural economy into an newlineindustrial one The government took a number of measures designed to achieve these newlineobjectives Various legislation were passed and to impr