Stability and quality analysis in Breeding lines of Niger

Abstract

Stability and Quality Analysis in Breeding Lines of Niger (Guizotiaabyssinica(L.f) cass newlineNiger crop belonging to Astraceae family is considered as an orphan crop and mainly grown on undulated topographical land. A field experiment was conducted at the Zonal Agricultural Research Station, All India Coordinated Research Project on Niger, Chandangaon, Chhindwara (Madhya Pradesh) during the kharif 2021 and 2022 sown at three different dates using forty two niger breeding lines including two check JNS-28 and JNS-9. The results revealed that the mean sum of square due to genotypes was highly significant at 1% level for almost all the characters studied. High estimates of GCV and PCV were observed for biological yield, harvest index (%) and seed yield per plant. As a proportion of the mean, strong heritability and high genetic advancement were noted for biological yield, 1000 seed weight, number of branches per plant, number of capitula per plant, and number of seeds per capitula. harvest index, oil percent and seed yield/plant.Seed yield/plant exhibits significant and positively correlated with numberofbranches/plants, numberofcapitulaperplant, number of seeds per capitula, thousand grainweight (gm), biological yield and seedyield/plant pooled over all environments. Path analysis reveal that harvest index (%) showed the highest positive direct effect on seed yield per plant followed by biological yield, number of branches per plant, oil percent and number of capitula per plant indicating to be main yield contributing traits. Hence, for enhancement of yield these traits should beconsidered. On the basis of D2 values, 42 breeding lines of nigerwere categorized into eight clusters in E I, 10 clusters in E II, six clusters in E III and seven clusters in pooled analysis.Inter-cluster divergence D2 was recorded highest between the genotypesofcluster-VIandcluster-II i.e. JCN-4 and JCN-23 indicating that best recombinants can be realized using mating between the lines of these clusters in a definitefixed fashion.The Principal Component Analysis revealed that breeding lines showing highest positive PC scores and common in PC1, PC3 and PC4 which are most related with yield related traits are JCN-30, JCN-29, JNS-9 and JCN-37 and common in PC1 and PC3. JCN-29 common in PC1 and PC4.On the basis of Eberhart and Russell model (1966), the genotypes namely, JCN-24, JCN-6, JCN-18, JCN-11 and JCN-18, showed ideal and stable suitability for all the environments and JCN-1 and JCN-10 shows above average stability for more than one yield and its attributing traits.AMMI 1 analysis indicated that, JCN-5, JCN-12, JCN-15, JCN-26, JCN-31found highly stable promising genotypes. In AMMI 2, JCN-1, JCN-3, JCN-6, JCN-13, JCN-15 and JCN-31found highly stable promising genotypes. Genotype JCN-15 and JCN-31 found highly stable in both AMMI 1 and AMMI 2The results of nutritional profiling revealed that JCN-20 exhibited high Cu,Mn, Fe and Zn content.JCN-36 exhibited high Cu, Mn and Zn content. JCN-3 and JCN-4 exhibited high oil content.JCN-21 and JCN-38 exhibited high oleic acid and low stearic acid. newline newline