Phenotypic Genotypic and Population Structure Assessment of Foxtail Millet Setaria Italica L Reference Set

Abstract

Foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) is a self-pollinating diploid (2n=18), important nutricereal crop. It contains good dietary fiber, minerals, amino acid, phenolic compounds, phytic acid, protein, sugar carbohydrates and several anti-nutritive compounds. The present study consists of reference set of 93 foxtail millet germplasms to evaluate phenotypic, genotypic and population structure assessment and selection of high yielding blast resistant genotypes with superior quality parameters. Coefficient of variation was found high for number of tillers/ plants, weight of panicle (g), panicle length (cm), straw yield (g). Heritability in broad sense (h2 b) and genetic advance was found higher for all the characters. D2 estimates, groups the genotypes into 4 distinct non- overlapping clusters, the Inter cluster distances ranged from 500.5 to 1263.34. The blast disease under study was assessed using 1-9 rating scale in field conditions. A set of 30 blast specific SSR markers, and for diversity assessment 50 markers were used and the polymorphic information content, major allele frequency, genetic diversity and UPGMA clusters were analyzed accordingly. Maximum Protein was found in Ise1037 (11.6mg/100g), whereas maximum Iron content was found maximum in genotype Ise1745 and Ise795 (39.6 ppm) and zinc in Ise1687 (45.6 ppm). SDS-PAGE was performed for eighteen high protein content genotypes, and estimated six polypeptides with molecular weights ranging from 15 to fewer than 70 kDa. The docking simulation of purified peptide (LNELLSNK) was studied using flexible docking tool of Auto Dock 4.0. The docking simulation of the peptide Tyr-Ser-Lys at the active site has shown the best returned pose with affinity energy of -11.9 kcal/mol. In the study, we have identified superior high yielding genotypes, along-with blast resistance with their nutritional-antinutritional values which can further be used for hybridization and future breeding programme. newline