Synthesis and characterization of anionic phosphate gemini surfactants based on higher fatty alcohols

Abstract

The Present study work aimed to synthesize higher fatty alcohol based anionic phosphate Gemini surfactant. For this purpose three higher fatty alcohols viz. tetradecanol, hexcadecanol and octadecanol were subjected to phosphorylation using pyrophosphoric acid at 35 ©.The resulting mono alkyl phosphate were subjected to prepare phosphate gemii surfactants using three a-e alkyl dibromide viz 1,4 DBB 1,6, DBH and 1,8 DBO at 35© .The effect of molar ratios of mono alkyl phosphate, TMAH and alkyl dibromides was also evaluated. The synthesixzed geminis were then successfully converted to their disodium salts in order to evaluate physic-chemical and surface active properties of synthesized phosphate Gemini surfactants. The mono alkyl phosphate and phosphate Gemini surfactants derived from tetradecanol, hexadecanol and octadecanol were characterized chemically and instrumentally. The anionic content of each phosphate Gemini surfactant was determined by standard BIS method. The five performance properties viz. wetting ability, forming ability and stability, emulsion stability, dispersion power and solubility were evaluated by using standard methods. The three surface active properties namely surface tension, interfacial tension and critical micelle concentration were also determined. On the basic of findings of the all three used higher fatty alcohols, finally following conclusions have been drawn.