Role of Scientific Aid in the Administration of Criminal Justice System Case Study in Bihar

Abstract

In modern times, the role of science and technology in criminal justice has become newlineindispensable, both as a tool for law enforcement and a weapon for high-tech criminals. With newlineadvancements such as hacking, cybercrime, and sophisticated weaponry, the nature of crime newlinehas evolved significantly from traditional methods. At the same time, police and investigative newlineagencies have adopted scientific techniques, enabling the recovery of minute evidence blood newlinemolecules, saliva, and other trace materials once deemed undetectable by conventional newlinemethods. Lie detectors, DNA profiling, and Narco-analysis are now central to truth-seeking newlinewithout resorting to coercion, though constitutional safeguards like Article 20(3) of the Indian newlineConstitution limit their admissibility. Science and technology play a vital role in bridging gaps newlinein criminal investigations, aiding prosecutors in building cases, and providing critical insights newlineto judges and jurors in deciding guilt or innocence. Despite its reliability, the weight of newlinescientific evidence depends on its acceptance by courts and its corroborative value. Certain newlinetechniques, such as DNA testing and fingerprint analysis, are widely trusted, while others, like newlinevoice analysis or lip prints, still face scepticism. newlineThis research seeks to address critical questions: Do courts rely on scientific evidence? Is it newlinesubstantial or merely corroborative? By exploring these issues, this study examines how newlineforensic science, as a seeker of truth, is integrated into the criminal justice system in India, newlineparticularly in its role in facilitating fair trials and delivering justice. To get the answers of these newlinequestions the present research study has been undertaken by this researcher.