design and optimization of patch antenna arrays for cellular system

Abstract

The design and optimization of patch antenna arrays for 5G cellular systems for some specific newlineperformances is the primary objective of the research work. In this regard, three antenna arrays are newlinedesigned, especially for a 5G cellular base station. Some of them can also be used for user devices. newlineBefore proposing antenna arrays, their respective single-element antennas are optimally designed for newlinethe 5G cellular band of 3.3 GHz - 3.7 GHz. Firstly a single element of compact microstrip patch newlineantenna (MPA) is designed for portable devices with a lower gain. Later, an antenna array of size newline5×5 is designed using such a single compact antenna element that has reached a better gain, i.e., newlinemore than 15 dB, which makes it suitable for a 5G cellular base station. After that, a dual-feed newlinemultiband circularly polarized antenna is optimally designed to operate in the band as mentioned newlineabove and two additional backhauling bands. These additional backhauling bands are 5.925 GHz - newline6.425 GHz, 6.425 GHz -7.125 GHz, and 7.11 GHz -7.9 GHz. This antenna is specially designed to newlinecommunicate simultaneously with users and neighboring towers for backhaul applications to newlineminimize infrastructure and financial overhead. This single dual-feed antenna element is used to newlineprovide different arrays for transmitter/receiver applications and tested for real-time 5G cellular base newlinestations in the MATLAB antenna toolbox. newlineIn continuation to the previous trend, a multiband 2×2 compact MIMO array is designed for a similar newlineapplication with improved data rates. The designed MIMO antenna array resonates at 3.5 GHz in newlineband 3.3 GHz 3.7 GHz with two additional backhauling bands identical to the previous dual-feed newlinemultiband circularly polarized antenna. The performances of the compact MIMO array, such as newlineisolation and correlation between elements, are improved compared to its conventional structure newlineeven after reduced inter-element spacing. The MIMO antenna array is physically fabricated, and newlineperformances are measured and compared with simulation results.