Vulvovaginal Candidiasis in Antenatal Women with Special Reference to Sap Gene Virulence and Resistance Pattern of Candida Species

Abstract

Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a disguising disease in women. The usual newlinepresentations are persistent curdy white vaginal discharge with bad odour, itching, newlineirritation, pain in the lower abdomen and local induration (vulva). Thus this is an newlineunpleasant disease and becomes a cause of physical and mental agony. During the newlinereproductive age of 18 to 45 years, VVC is a standout amongst the most widely recognized newlinediseases in women. Around 75% of women will be involved with at least one scene of newlineVVC amid their lifetime. The prevalence rate of VVC in antenatal women is more than newline40% worldwide and 5-10% antenatal women suffer from recurrent vulvovaginal newlinecandidiasis (RVVC). During pregnancy, VVC has been associated with complications such newlineas low birth weight of babies, miscarriage, preterm birth and premature rupture of the newlinemembrane. The etiological agents of VVC are Candida albicans and non-albicans newlineCandida (NAC). Among NAC, C. glabrata is the second most common Candida species newlineisolates from VVC. Other species are C. tropicalis, C. krusei, C. parapsilosis, C. kefyr, C. newlinerugosa, C. dubliniensis and C. guiliermondi. There is increased scientific and newlineepidemiological interest on NAC species as their prevalence is at increasing trend all newlinearound the world. In complicated VVC, NAC species are commonly found than C. newlinealbicans newline