Physicochemical Study of Soil and Groundwater Quality In The Vicinity of an Industrial Area of Bhilwara City Rajasthan

Abstract

All terrestrial life is based on soil and water Natural and manufactured newlineperturbations affect their resources which vary widely Ancient civilizations and newlinecultures arose and flourished on fertile soils and some of them perished when soil newlineand water supplies were irrevocably destroyed In recent years researchers have newlinefocused their attention on the influence of degradation of these two natural newlineresources on their physical chemical and biological qualities It has been noticed newlinethat the principal soil types in India s semi arid environment which receives a newlinemean annual rainfall of less than 1000 mm are becoming calcareous and newlinedeveloping sodicity at the same time Irrigation of water of poor quality newlineexacerbates these issues resulting in lower soil productivity Natural and humaninduced degradation alters soils physical and chemical properties limiting newlinerainwater input and reducing soil water storage and release Potable water is newlineincreasingly defined as climate change requiring hydrologists to create newlinewastewater filtering systems newlineThe following Textile Industrial areas are selected for our study newlineI Site I 25 13 58 15 N 74 37 19 59 E newlineII Site II 25 20 54 74 N 74 37 20 00 E newlineIII Site III 25 19 6 10 N 74 35 52 96 E newlineIV Site IV 25 19 35 86 N 74 36 49 17 E newlineV Site V 25 20 34 21 N 74 37 44 97 E newlinexxi newlineImpact on Water Surface runoff transports organic and inorganic contaminants newlineprimarily suspended impurities tainted by sewage or industrial effluent discharge newlineinto surface water bodies It has become a more vital and reliable source of newlinefreshwater for drinking residential and agricultural purposes Generally newlineindustrial effluent including wastewater is discharged in ponds or dug out tanks newlinedrilled well tubes where neighbouring waterways are unavailable newlineImpact on Soil Soil is a varied body in the terrestrial ecosystem that has evolved newlinethrough thousands of natural processes and sustains enormous biodiversity Soil is newlinean essential part of human society s environment Nutrients humus content newlinemoisture and other elements in the soil matrix dete