Experimental Investigation of Performance and Exhaust Emission of CI Engine with Biogas Biodiesel in Dual Fuel Mode

Abstract

The present work investigates the possibility to absolutely replace the fossil fuels by the alternative fuels, which available near by the users. For this work, a single cylinder, four stroke, direct injection diesel engine was modified into a dual fuel engine that can be run with gaseous fuel (biogas) and liquid fuel (diesel / biodiesel) simultaneously. This experimental work was carried out on constant speed (1500 RPM) with varying engine loads, by using two different combinations of test fuel (neat diesel and biogas and neat biodiesel and biogas). The test fuel diesel was purchased from authorized HP dealer and the biodiesel and biogas were produced in the Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki, Vishwavidyalaya (RGPV) campus. The biogas reactor of 1 litre capacity and biogas plant of 1 m3 capacity have installed at the Department of Mechanical Engineering, University Institute of Technology (UIT), Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki, Vishwavidyalaya, Bhopal. To produce biodiesel, karanja oil was purchased from local market, Karanja oil is extract from the karanja seeds of karanja tree also known as Pongamia pinnata, and biogas was produced by the canteen waste operating at university campus. newlineIn this study, biogas supply rate was also varying from 2 gm/min to 8 gm/min in steps of 2 grams, and engine load was varying from 0 kg to 12 kg in steps of 3 kg. The engine performance parameters in terms of Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE), Brake Specific Energy Consumption (BSEC), Exhaust Gas Temperature (EGT), and emissions parameters in terms of Carbon Monoxide (CO), Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Unburnt Hydrocarbon (HC), and Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) were measured. These performance and emission parameters have also been compared with different loading as well as different combination of fuel sets. newlineThe results indicate that the use of karanja oil, methyl ester (biodiesel) and biogas, produces a maximum brake thermal efficiency of 23.86% in comparison to 30.63% that produced by neat diesel.